Michigan Neurosurgeon Warns of Hidden Brain Risks During Menopause

Menopause is often seen as a natural stage in a woman’s life, marked by changes such as hot flashes, tiredness, and mood swings. But according to Michigan-based neurosurgeon Dr. Jay Jagannathan, there is another side to menopause that is less discussed — its effect on the brain.

Dr. Jagannathan, who works at the Michigan Neurosurgery Institute, recently shared that declining oestrogen levels during menopause can affect brain health in serious ways. He explained in a recent video that oestrogen does much more than control reproduction — it also plays an important role in protecting brain cells.

“Oestrogen isn’t just a reproductive hormone — it’s a neuroprotective shield,” said Dr. Jagannathan. “It helps regulate blood flow, reduces inflammation, and protects brain cells from stress. So when oestrogen levels drop, that protection weakens.”

He added that this decline in oestrogen can lead to symptoms like forgetfulness, trouble focusing, and slower thinking. These changes can make daily tasks more difficult and may increase the risk of long-term brain problems if not managed properly.

Dr. Jagannathan noted that while most people are aware of physical symptoms like bone weakness or sleep problems during menopause, very few women are told how these hormonal changes affect the brain. “It’s not just about the body — menopause changes the way the brain functions too,” he said.

Research supports this link between oestrogen and brain function. Oestrogen helps the brain use glucose, its main source of energy. When oestrogen levels fall, the brain’s ability to use energy efficiently decreases. This can make women feel more tired, forgetful, and less mentally sharp.

According to studies, the areas of the brain related to memory and learning — such as the hippocampus — are especially sensitive to oestrogen levels. This is one reason some women notice that they forget names, lose track of tasks, or find it harder to concentrate after menopause begins.

However, Dr. Jagannathan emphasised that these risks can be reduced through healthy habits. He advised women to stay physically active, eat nutritious foods rich in antioxidants, and get enough sleep. Regular exercise, in particular, helps improve blood flow to the brain and supports mental health.

He also mentioned that stress management plays an important role in brain health. Chronic stress increases inflammation and can make menopause symptoms worse. Activities like yoga, meditation, and deep breathing can help calm the mind and protect the brain from long-term damage.

In some cases, doctors may suggest hormone therapy to replace the oestrogen lost during menopause. However, this must be done carefully and only under medical supervision. “Every woman’s body is different, and treatment should always be personalised,” said Dr. Jagannathan.

Menopause usually happens between the ages of 45 and 55, but its effects can start years earlier. This period, known as perimenopause, is when hormone levels begin to change. During this time, women might notice not only hot flashes and mood swings, but also mental fog and difficulty sleeping.

Dr. Jagannathan’s message is a reminder that menopause is not just a physical change but a whole-body transition. Understanding how it affects the brain can help women take steps to protect their memory, mood, and mental clarity.

Experts agree that raising awareness about the cognitive effects of menopause is essential. By discussing it more openly, women can feel more prepared and supported during this stage of life.