Madagascar Military Takes Power, Suspends Key Institutions Amid Protests

In a dramatic turn of events, Madagascar’s military has taken control of the country after the parliament impeached President Andry Rajoelina. The announcement came from Colonel Michael Randrianirina, who said the army is now in charge following weeks of large youth-led antigovernment protests in the capital, Antananarivo.

Rajoelina, facing growing public anger, fled the country after soldiers joined the demonstrations. Crowds in Antananarivo celebrated the military’s takeover, cheering the announcement as the army promised to oversee a transitional government for up to two years. During this period, a referendum will be held to create a new constitution, followed by elections to establish fresh democratic institutions.

Colonel Randrianirina confirmed that key government institutions, including the Senate, High Constitutional Court, and the National Electoral Commission, have been suspended, leaving only the lower house of parliament active. He emphasized that the military-led transitional committee would guide the nation and restore stability.

Earlier, Rajoelina attempted to dissolve the lower house of parliament by decree, but lawmakers proceeded with his impeachment, creating a constitutional crisis. The president condemned the military’s actions as an “attempted coup” and claimed he remains the country’s legitimate leader while maintaining constitutional order.

The unrest began on September 25, led by Gen Z activist groups protesting water shortages, power outages, rising living costs, and government corruption. Protests intensified when an elite military unit refused orders to suppress demonstrators, ultimately siding with the people. Police later joined the demonstrations, further weakening Rajoelina’s position.

Since the protests began, at least 22 people have been reported dead, and over 100 injured. Madagascar, one of the world’s poorest nations, faces severe infrastructure challenges, with only a third of the population having access to electricity and frequent blackouts lasting more than eight hours.

Rajoelina first rose to power during a 2009 coup and later led a transitional government until 2014. He returned to power after winning elections in 2019 and secured a second term in 2023. The recent protests reflect widespread frustration among young people, inspired by similar movements in countries like Kenya, Indonesia, Peru, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka.

With the military now in control, Madagascar faces a critical period of political transition. The coming months will be essential to restore stability, address citizens’ demands, and prepare for democratic elections under a new constitution.