Nepal Lifts Social Media Ban Amid Deadly Protests

In early September 2025, Nepal witnessed unprecedented youth-led protests, known as the "Gen Z Revolution," in response to the government's decision to block 26 social media platforms. The unrest, which resulted in at least 19 deaths and over 300 injuries, compelled the government to reconsider its stance.

The Trigger: Social Media Ban

On September 4, the Nepalese government imposed a ban on 26 social media platforms, including Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), WhatsApp, and YouTube. The government stated that these platforms had failed to register with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, violating new regulations aimed at curbing misinformation and hate speech. However, many citizens viewed this move as an attempt to suppress free speech and dissent.

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The Spark: Youth Mobilization

The ban ignited widespread outrage, particularly among the youth. Students and young professionals took to social media platforms that remained accessible, such as TikTok and Reddit, to organize protests. Despite government-imposed internet blackouts, these platforms became vital tools for coordination.

The Escalation: Protests Turn Violent

On September 8, thousands of protesters gathered in Kathmandu, the capital city, and other regions. The demonstrations began peacefully but escalated when protesters attempted to breach the Parliament building. Security forces responded with tear gas, rubber bullets, and live ammunition. At least 19 individuals were killed, and over 300 were injured during these clashes.

Government Response

In the aftermath of the violence, the Nepalese government imposed an indefinite curfew in Kathmandu and the adjoining Bhaktapur district. Despite these measures, protests continued, leading to the resignation of Home Minister Ramesh Lekhak, who cited moral responsibility for the government's actions.

The Reversal: Lifting the Ban

Faced with mounting pressure and escalating unrest, the government convened an emergency Cabinet meeting. On September 8, Communications Minister Prithvi Subba Gurung announced the withdrawal of the social media ban. The decision was made to address the demands of the youth and restore access to the blocked platforms.

Underlying Issues: Corruption and Governance

While the immediate catalyst for the protests was the social media ban, underlying issues of corruption and poor governance fueled the unrest. Protesters carried placards with slogans such as "Shut down corruption, not social media" and "Youths against corruption," highlighting their broader grievances.

Ongoing Tensions

Despite the government's reversal on the social media ban, tensions remain high. Protests continue in various parts of the country, with demonstrators demanding accountability and systemic reforms. The situation remains fluid, and the government faces the challenge of addressing the root causes of the unrest to restore peace and stability.

The events in Nepal serve as a stark reminder of the power of youth mobilization in the digital age. While the government's decision to lift the social media ban may quell immediate unrest, it underscores the need for deeper reforms to address issues of governance, corruption, and freedom of expression.