UAE Set to Build Second Nuclear Power Plant, Expanding Energy Portfolio

The United Arab Emirates (UAE), a strategic security partner of the United States, made history in 2021 by inaugurating the Barakah nuclear power plant, becoming the first Arab nation to operate such a facility. Situated in Abu Dhabi and constructed by South Korea, the Barakah plant underscored the UAE's commitment to diversifying its energy sources and enhancing its energy security.

Now, according to three sources familiar with the matter, the UAE is poised to further expand its nuclear energy capabilities. The country is set to tender for the construction of a new nuclear power plant, which would effectively double the number of reactors in the small Gulf state.

The sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the matter, revealed that the UAE intends to issue bids for the construction of four new reactors as early as this year, potentially within the coming months. The aim is to have the new plant operational by 2032, aligning with projected energy demands.

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Notably, the tender process will be open to all potential bidders, including companies from the United States, China, and Russia. Despite the successful collaboration with South Korea for the Barakah plant, South Korean firms will not be given preferential treatment in the bidding process.

In response to queries regarding the plan for a second plant, the Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulation (FANR) expressed readiness to review and issue necessary licenses and regulations. This preparation underscores the government's commitment to advancing its nuclear energy agenda.

The UAE's energy ministry referred inquiries to FANR, while Emirates Nuclear Energy Co (ENEC), the state-owned entity responsible for the Barakah plant, did not immediately respond to requests for comment. Similarly, the UAE government media office remained silent when approached for comments on the matter.

The UAE has consistently emphasized the peaceful nature of its nuclear program, emphasizing its focus on energy diversification and reducing reliance on oil. This commitment was reaffirmed at the recent United Nations climate conference in Dubai, where the UAE joined other nations in pledging to triple global nuclear energy output over the next three decades.

Elsewhere in the Middle East, Egypt is advancing its first nuclear plant with Russian assistance, while Saudi Arabia has expressed ambitions for a civilian nuclear program. However, Saudi Arabia has yet to sign a cooperation agreement with the U.S. that would restrict its uranium enrichment capabilities.

The Barakah nuclear power plant, located in Abu Dhabi along the coast toward Saudi Arabia and Qatar, is anticipated to contribute significantly to the UAE's electricity supply, aiming to provide a quarter of the nation's power needs. With the fourth and final reactor of the Barakah plant set to commence commercial operations this year, the facility will reach its full operating capacity.

Potential locations for the new nuclear plant include coastal sites closer to the Saudi Arabian border or areas adjacent to the existing Barakah facility. The decision regarding the precise location is yet to be finalized as the UAE moves forward with its ambitious nuclear energy expansion plans.