UAE Launches Major Project to Decode Native Plant Genomes

The Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD) has begun a major new phase in its mission to protect the UAE’s natural heritage by partnering with M42 to sequence the genomes of several important native plant species. The work is being carried out at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre, where advanced laboratories are now decoding how these plants survive in the UAE’s toughest landscapes — from sand deserts and rocky mountains to coastal zones.

This expanded project follows the successful sequencing of the Ghaf tree, the UAE’s national symbol of resilience. Building on that milestone, EAD has shortlisted 12 more species for detailed genome study. These include Qafas, Sarh, Qurm, Samr, Salam, Arfaj, Shua, Ochradenus arabicus, Ghadaf and three key seagrass species: Halophila stipulacea, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninervis. Each plant was selected because of its ecological value and its role in supporting local biodiversity.

By mapping the genetic structure of these species, researchers aim to understand how they adapt to heat, drought, salinity and other extreme pressures. This knowledge will be used to guide conservation priorities, improve restoration programmes and monitor long-term plant health across Abu Dhabi’s natural habitats. The project also supports global efforts to safeguard biodiversity and develop climate-resilient ecosystems.

The Plant Genetic Resources Centre continues to play a crucial role in this work. Seeds, tissues and DNA samples collected from across the emirate are stored and tested using high-precision equipment, ensuring that the UAE’s unique flora is preserved for future generations. With each species added to the genetic library, the centre strengthens the country’s ability to protect its native plants and develop innovative, science-driven environmental solutions.